What is the purpose of the mass air flow (MAF) sensor?

The mass air flow (MAF) sensor plays a crucial role in an engine's air-fuel management system. Its primary purpose is to measure the amount of air entering the engine. This measurement is vital for the engine control unit (ECU) to determine the correct amount of fuel to inject, ensuring optimal combustion and efficiency.

By accurately assessing the volume and density of the incoming air, the MAF sensor helps the ECU adjust the fuel delivery to maintain the ideal air-fuel ratio, which is essential for effective engine performance, fuel economy, and minimizing emissions.

Other options relate to different components or functions of the vehicle's systems. Cooling systems regulate coolant flow to manage engine temperature, exhaust emission controls are designed to reduce harmful outputs, and fuel temperature monitoring focuses on maintaining the proper operating conditions of the fuel. However, none of these alternatives pertain to measuring the air intake, which is the defining function of the MAF sensor.