What primary purpose does a vehicle's alternator serve?

The primary purpose of a vehicle's alternator is to charge the battery. As the engine runs, the alternator generates electrical power that not only recharges the battery but also powers the vehicle's electrical systems, such as lights, radio, and ignition system. This is crucial because, while the battery provides the initial power to start the engine, the alternator takes over to maintain the battery's charge and supply electricity as needed while the engine is running.

Understanding the alternator's role is essential in automotive maintenance, as a failing alternator can lead to battery drain and electrical system failures, which can leave a vehicle unable to start or operate correctly.